Icon - Arrow LeftAn icon we use to indicate a rightwards action. Icon - Arrow RightAn icon we use to indicate a leftwards action. Icon - External LinkAn icon we use to indicate a button link is external. Icon - MessageThe icon we use to represent an email action. Icon - Down ChevronUsed to indicate a dropdown. Icon - CloseUsed to indicate a close action. Icon - Dropdown ArrowUsed to indicate a dropdown. Icon - Location PinUsed to showcase a location on a map. Icon - Zoom OutUsed to indicate a zoom out action on a map. Icon - Zoom InUsed to indicate a zoom in action on a map. Icon - SearchUsed to indicate a search action. Icon - EmailUsed to indicate an emai action. Icon - FacebookFacebooks brand mark for use in social sharing icons. flipboard Icon - InstagramInstagrams brand mark for use in social sharing icons. Icon - PinterestPinterests brand mark for use in social sharing icons. Icon - TwitterTwitters brand mark for use in social sharing icons. Icon - Check MarkA check mark for checkbox buttons.
You are reading

Gardening 101: Cherry Trees

Search

Gardening 101: Cherry Trees

March 27, 2018

Cherry Tree, Prunus: “Symbol of Spring”

Of all the spring-flowering trees, cherries are among the most evocative, and symbolic of a new season. Cherry blossom is the national flower of Japan, and that country’s hanami is the blossom-viewing festival whose tradition has spread to all places where cherries are planted en masse. Flowering cherries’ wide variety of sizes and forms suits them beautifully to home gardens, allowing you to celebrate local bloom in your own yard.

Read on to learn more about what cherries to grow for blooming pleasure.

Photography by Marie Viljoen, unless otherwise noted.

Cherries in bloom at the New York Botanic Garden.
Above: Cherries in bloom at the New York Botanic Garden.

Most flowering cherries are Prunus hybrids and cultivars originating in Japan. One of the best ways to familiarize yourself with different cherry habits and bloom times is to visit a local botanic garden or arboretum in early and mid-spring. There is no lovelier place to spread a blanket, lie on your back and gaze up at the layers of petal glory.

Until bud-break, though, read on for our top cherry choices and how to keep them flourishing.

Higan: Prunus × subhirtella ‘Autumnalis’

Higan is the magical cherry that will bloom lightly just before winter, confusing and delighting humans. It blossoms again, far more profusely, in mid-spring.
Above: Higan is the magical cherry that will bloom lightly just before winter, confusing and delighting humans. It blossoms again, far more profusely, in mid-spring.

Unlike many other flowering cherries, Higan has good disease resistance. Their flowers can be single or double, and vary from the palest of pinks to rose.

Higans also have a weeping form, whose sweeping branches are especially appealing; hardy from USDA zones 5 to 8.
Above: Higans also have a weeping form, whose sweeping branches are especially appealing; hardy from USDA zones 5 to 8.

Prunus ‘Okame’

The defining deep rose pink of &#8\2\16;Okame&#8\2\17; cherry blossoms, combined with their mild fragrance, makes them a star of early spring. &#8\2\16;Okame&#8\2\17; is hardy from zones 6 to 9.
Above: The defining deep rose pink of ‘Okame’ cherry blossoms, combined with their mild fragrance, makes them a star of early spring. ‘Okame’ is hardy from zones 6 to 9.

Prunus ‘Kanzan’

Famed for their lush bloom and double frilled flowers, &#8\2\16;Kanzan&#8\2\17; cherries are an effervescent springtime icon. Unlike some cherries, their fall leaf color is an added bonus to spring display.
Above: Famed for their lush bloom and double frilled flowers, ‘Kanzan’ cherries are an effervescent springtime icon. Unlike some cherries, their fall leaf color is an added bonus to spring display.

Like all ornamental cherries, ‘Kanzan’ benefits from occasional interior pruning to allow for good air circulation and sunlight penetration (which helps prevent disease); hardy from zones 5 to 9.

 Yoshino: Prunus × yedoensis

With a gracefully spreading crown and delicate, single blossoms of near-white, Yoshino is the quintessential tree of blossom festivals, and is immortalized in Japanese fine art.
Above: With a gracefully spreading crown and delicate, single blossoms of near-white, Yoshino is the quintessential tree of blossom festivals, and is immortalized in Japanese fine art.

Larger than many flowering cherries, Yoshinos top out at about 45 feet. The small, bitter fruit make this cherry a good choice for bird-friendly gardens (and patient jelly makers). It is hardy from zones 5 to 8.

Nanking cherry: Prunus tomentosa

Photograph by Hemalatha Gokhale.
Above: Photograph by Hemalatha Gokhale.

Here is a floriferous cherry whose cold hardiness and abundant, tart, grape-size fruit make it ideal for very hard winters as well as hungry gardeners. Bushy Nanking cherries create spectacular hedges and are as useful in a kitchen garden as they are for ornament. Plant two or more for best fruit-set. Hardy from zones 3 to 7.

Black Cherry: Prunus serotina

A native American ­cherry, wild black cherry is a good choice for a large garden. Unlike smaller ornamental cherries it grows very tall, sometimes up to \100 feet. Its abundant racemes of white flowers appear about a month after imported cherries bloom.
Above: A native American ­cherry, wild black cherry is a good choice for a large garden. Unlike smaller ornamental cherries it grows very tall, sometimes up to 100 feet. Its abundant racemes of white flowers appear about a month after imported cherries bloom.

In late summer its fruit ripens to a glossy black, tasting like a cross between ripe plums and bitter grapefruit. This indigenous tree is less prone to the pests that bother flowering cherries. Black cherry is hardy from zones 3 to 9.

&#8\2\16;Kanzan&#8\2\17; cherries in Central Park
Above: ‘Kanzan’ cherries in Central Park

Cheat Sheet

  • Flowering cherries are relatively fast-growing, making them good choices for short- and medium-term gratification.
  • The life expectancy of exotic cherries is around 25 to 50 years.
  • Manage your cherry expectations: Like other members of the rose family, the trees are susceptible to pests and diseases and must be monitored carefully for general health.
Brooklyn Botanic Garden&#8\2\17;s cherry display.
Above: Brooklyn Botanic Garden’s cherry display.

Keep It Alive

  • Most cherries are adaptable when it comes to soil type and pH.
  • They appreciate plenty of moisture, but do require impeccable drainage—soggy soil will lead to serious problems.
  • Full sun (meaning six-plus hours of direct sunlight) is best for optimum cherry health and bloom.
  • Test your soil before adding any fertilizer: The test will tell you what is missing or already present.
  • Feed your tree annually in early spring, before bud break.
  • Do give it a top dressing of compost, but do not mound it around the trunk or it will rot.
  • Fungal diseases such as brown rot kill branch tips and affect overall health. Always prune off any diseased or affected twigs and branches.
  • In the worst cases, a fungicide should be applied.

See more tips for planting and care at Cherry Trees: A Field Guide and of our favorite flowering trees in our curated design guide to Trees 101, including Apple Trees 101, Dogwood Trees 101, and Lemon Trees 101. For more inspiration, see:

(Visited 648 times, 1 visits today)
You need to login or register to view and manage your bookmarks.

Have a Question or Comment About This Post?

Join the conversation

v5.0